An aqueduct, also known as a water bridge, is an elevated hydraulic structure built to convey irrigation canal flows across rivers, valleys, lowlands, or roads. Typically, an aqueduct raises the canal above the intersecting terrain, allowing water to pass through smoothly.

The Guizhong River Aqueduct (Old Bridge) was completed in 1930 as part of the Chianan Irrigation Canal system to convey water across the Guizhong River. The piers were constructed of reinforced concrete, while the superstructure consisted of a Warren truss steel flume joined with riveted connections, a rare construction technique in modern bridge engineering.

The Guizhong River Aqueduct (New Bridge) was officially inaugurated in June 2023. It adopts a steel truss bridge design, with a maximum design discharge capacity of 40 cubic meters per second (CMS). The lower level of the structure carries the irrigation flume, while the upper deck is part of the National Greenway – Shuizun Greenway, providing passage for cyclists.

On November 10, 2022, the Old Aqueduct was designated as a Municipally Registered Historic Monument by the Tainan City Government.